Here's a quick "Getting Started" guide for HashBackup. Run these commands on your own system to get a feel for using HashBackup, then read the online documentation for the details. For this example, hb-1538-mac-64bit.tar.gz was downloaded from the HashBackup Download page to /Users/jim. Here we go! What's in the tar file? [jim@mb ~]$ tar -tf hb-1538* hb-1538/ hb-1538/CHANGELOG hb-1538/doc/ hb-1538/hb hb-1538/README hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.out hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.sh hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.txt hb-1538/doc/CREDIT hb-1538/doc/dedup.info hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/ hb-1538/doc/inex.conf.example hb-1538/doc/mount.info hb-1538/doc/security hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.b2 hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.cloudfiles hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.dav hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.dir hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.ftp hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.glac hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.google hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.imap hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.openstack hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.rclone hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.rsync hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.s3 hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.shell hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.ssh hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/exdirshell.py hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/rclone.py hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/README Expand tar file to create hb-1538 directory [jim@mb ~]$ tar -xzf hb-1538-mac-64bit.tar.gz Change to the HashBackup install directory [jim@mb ~]$ cd hb-1538 What's in the install directory? - CHANGELOG is the complete log of changes since June 2009 - README is a quick (short) overview - doc has detailed examples for setting up destinations - hb is the executable program file [jim@mb hb-1538]$ ls CHANGELOG README doc hb Become root to install the executable file to /usr/local/bin [jim@mb hb-1538]$ sudo sh Password: sh-3.2# cp hb /usr/local/bin sh-3.2# exit (control D) Create a play backup directory named testbackup in the install directory [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb init -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Permissions set for owner access only Created key file /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/key.conf Key file set to read-only Setting include/exclude defaults: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/inex.conf VERY IMPORTANT: your backup is encrypted and can only be accessed with the encryption key, stored in the file: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/key.conf You MUST make copies of this file and store them in a secure location, separate from your computer and backup data. If your hard drive fails, you will need this key to restore your files. If you setup any remote destinations in dest.conf, that file should be copied too. Backup directory initialized Here's the backup directory testbackup shown inside the install directory [jim@mb hb-1538]$ ls CHANGELOG README testbackup doc hb What's in a HashBackup backup directory? [jim@mb hb-1538]$ ls testbackup cacerts.crt hash.db hb.db hb.lock inex.conf key.conf What does a key file look like? MAKE A COPY OF IT FOR REAL BACKUPS! [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cat testbackup/key.conf # HashBackup Key File - DO NOT EDIT! Version 1 Build 1538 Created Wed Jul 13 14:34:51 2016 1468434891.27 Host Darwin | mb | 10.8.0 | Darwin Kernel Version 10.8.0: Tue Jun 7 16:33:36 PDT 2011; root:xnu-1504.15.3~1/RELEASE_I386 | i386 Keyfrom random Key 2f93 2f07 2b38 0cf5 6eff c454 6ea6 572e eadd 452a d784 0766 be85 9893 6800 611e The inex.conf file is an editable list of files excluded from the backup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cat testbackup/inex.conf ex /.fseventsd ex /.hotfiles.btree ex /.Spotlight-V100 ex /.Trashes ex /Users/*/.bash_history ex /Users/*/.emacs.d ex /Users/*/Library/Application Support/MobileSync ex /Users/*/Library/Application Support/SyncServices ex /Users/*/Library/Caches/ ex /Users/*/Library/PubSub/Database ex /Users/*/Library/PubSub/Downloads ex /Users/*/Library/PubSub/Feeds ex /Volumes/ ex /cores/ ex *.vmem ex /private/tmp/ ex /private/var/db/dyld/dyld_* ex /private/var/db/Spotlight-V100 ex /private/var/vm/ ex /tmp/ ex /var/tmp/ As a test, backup the current directory (the install directory) NOTE: the backup directory itself is always excluded by HB [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup . HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Copied HB program to /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb#1538 This is backup version: 0 Dedup is not enabled /Users/jim/hb-1538 /Users/jim/hb-1538/CHANGELOG /Users/jim/hb-1538/README /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/CREDIT /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.out /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.sh /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.txt /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dedup.info /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/README /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.b2 /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.cloudfiles /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.dav /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.dir /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.ftp /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.glac /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.google /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.imap /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.openstack /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.rclone /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.rsync /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.s3 /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.shell /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.ssh /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/exdirshell.py /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/rclone.py /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/inex.conf.example /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/mount.info /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/security /Users/jim/hb-1538/hb Time: 0.7s Checked: 34 paths, 13601007 bytes, 13 MB Saved: 34 paths, 13601007 bytes, 13 MB Excluded: 1 Dupbytes: 0 Compression: 49%, 2.0:1 Space: 6.9 MB, 7.0 MB total No errors Now back it up again - backups are always incremental [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup . HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup This is backup version: 1 Dedup is not enabled Time: 0.1s Checked: 34 paths, 13601007 bytes, 13 MB Saved: 3 paths, 0 bytes, 0 Excluded: 1 No errors Create newfile with a line of test data [jim@mb hb-1538]$ echo some test data>newfile Do another backup of the whole install directory. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup . HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup This is backup version: 2 Dedup is not enabled /Users/jim/hb-1538 /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Time: 0.1s Checked: 35 paths, 13601022 bytes, 13 MB Saved: 5 paths, 15 bytes, 15 B Excluded: 1 Dupbytes: 0 Space: 64 B, 7.0 MB total No errors Show the latest version of files in the backup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb ls -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 2 Showing most recent version / (parent, partial) /Users (parent, partial) /Users/jim (parent, partial) /Users/jim/hb-1538 /Users/jim/hb-1538/CHANGELOG /Users/jim/hb-1538/README /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/CREDIT /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.out /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.sh /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.txt /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dedup.info /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/README /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.b2 /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.cloudfiles /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.dav /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.dir /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.ftp /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.glac /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.google /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.imap /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.openstack /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.rclone /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.rsync /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.s3 /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.shell /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.ssh /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/exdirshell.py /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/rclone.py /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/inex.conf.example /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/mount.info /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/security /Users/jim/hb-1538/hb /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Remove a file (in this case a directory) from the backup. The complete path is required. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb rm -c testbackup /Users/jim/hb-1538 HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 2 Dedup enabled, 0% of current Removing all versions of requested files Removing path /Users/jim/hb-1538 Removed: 6.9 MB Space: -6.9 MB, 139 KB total Now what's in the backup? We deleted almost everything! NOTE: you can disable the rm command with a config option. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb ls -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 2 Showing most recent version / (parent, partial) /Users (parent, partial) /Users/jim (parent, partial) Backup a single file [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup newfile HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup This is backup version: 3 Dedup is not enabled /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Time: 0.1s Checked: 5 paths, 15 bytes, 15 B Saved: 5 paths, 15 bytes, 15 B Excluded: 0 Dupbytes: 0 Space: 64 B, 139 KB total No errors Back it up again; nothing is saved since it wasn't changed [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup newfile HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup This is backup version: 4 Dedup is not enabled Time: 0.1s Checked: 5 paths, 15 bytes, 15 B Saved: 4 paths, 0 bytes, 0 Excluded: 0 No errors Add a line of data to the test file [jim@mb hb-1538]$ echo more test data>>newfile Back it up again, this time it is saved again [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup newfile HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup This is backup version: 5 Dedup is not enabled /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Time: 0.1s Checked: 5 paths, 30 bytes, 30 B Saved: 5 paths, 30 bytes, 30 B Excluded: 0 Dupbytes: 0 Space: 80 B, 139 KB total No errors Do another backup listing with -a to show all versions. The version number of each item is on the left. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb ls -c testbackup -a HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 5 Showing all versions 1 / (parent, partial) 1 /Users (parent, partial) 1 /Users/jim (parent, partial) 3 /Users/jim/hb-1538 (parent, partial) 3 /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile 5 /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Set aside the original test file for comparison [jim@mb hb-1538]$ mv newfile newfile.bak Restore a copy of the test file [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb get -c testbackup /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 5 Restoring most recent version Restoring newfile to /Users/jim/hb-1538 /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Restored /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile to /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile No errors Does it match the copy we set aside? Yep [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cmp newfile.bak newfile Show contents of the test file again [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cat newfile some test data more test data Restore the first version of the test file using the -r option [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb get -r3 -c testbackup /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 5 Restoring from version: 3 Restoring newfile to /Users/jim/hb-1538 Path already exists and is newer than backup file: /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Existing file last modified on: 2016-07-13 14:39:48 Backup file last modified on: 2016-07-13 14:38:18 Warning: existing file will be deleted after restore! Restore? yes /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Restored /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile to /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile No errors Now what did we get? The original version of the test file [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cat newfile some test data Set the original version aside [jim@mb hb-1538]$ mv newfile newfile.bak Restore from version 4. Since there is no version 4 of this file, HashBackup restores from the next version down - version 3. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb get -r4 -c testbackup /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 5 Restoring from version: 4 Restoring newfile to /Users/jim/hb-1538 /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Restored /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile to /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile No errors With -r4 (or -r3) we get the original file, not the current version [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cmp newfile newfile.bak [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cat newfile some test data Show backup contents, again with -a to show all versions of files [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb ls -c testbackup -a HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 5 Showing all versions 1 / (parent, partial) 1 /Users (parent, partial) 1 /Users/jim (parent, partial) 3 /Users/jim/hb-1538 (parent, partial) 3 /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile 5 /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Run retain -m1 (max 1 copy) to keep only 1 version of every file [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb retain -c testbackup -m1 HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Default retention time: all Option -x (deleted file retention) is required when -t and -s are omitted Uh, -x is the time to keep files that backup notices have been deleted [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb retain -c testbackup -m1 -x1 HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Default retention time: all Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 5 Dedup enabled, 0% of current Backup finished at: 2016-07-13 14:39:52 Unrecognized time. Use one of: _y _q _m _w _d _h _n _s, where _ is a number > 0 and y = years q = quarters m = months w = weeks d = days h = hours n = minutes s = seconds Check -x option Okay, okay - keep deleted files in the backup for 1 day. Sheesh... [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb retain -c testbackup -m1 -x1d HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Default retention time: all Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 5 Dedup enabled, 0% of current Backup finished at: 2016-07-13 14:39:52 Deleted file retention time: 1d (keep files since 2016-07-12 14:39:52) Maximum copies retained: 1 Removed: 64 B Space: -64 B, 139 KB total 12 files deleted, 5 files retained 12 files deleted -- huh? They were actually just directory path stubs. Now what's in the backup? Only 1 version of the test file [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb ls -c testbackup -a HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 5 Showing all versions 5 / (parent, partial) 5 /Users (parent, partial) 5 /Users/jim (parent, partial) 5 /Users/jim/hb-1538 (parent, partial) 5 /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile HashBackup has more config settings, let's display them. Read the Config page online for details [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb config -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Current config version: 6 admin-passphrase arc-size-limit 100mb audit-commands backup-linux-attrs False cache-size-limit -1 copy-executable False dbrev 20 dedup-mem 0 disable-commands enable-commands hfs-compress False no-backup-ext no-backup-tag no-compress-ext no-dedup-ext pack-age-days 30 pack-bytes-free 1MB pack-percent-free 50 pack-remote-archives False remote-update normal simulated-backup False Activate dedup for this backup with a config setting. You can also use the -D<mem> backup command line option. HashBackup will only use what it needs, not all of it at once. IMPORTANT: don't use more than half your free memory! [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb config -c testbackup dedup-mem 1gb HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Current config version: 6 Set dedup-mem to 1gb (was 0) for next backup See that dedup-mem has been changed [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb config -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Current config version: 6 admin-passphrase arc-size-limit 100mb audit-commands backup-linux-attrs False cache-size-limit -1 copy-executable False dbrev 20 dedup-mem 1gb disable-commands enable-commands hfs-compress False no-backup-ext no-backup-tag no-compress-ext no-dedup-ext pack-age-days 30 pack-bytes-free 1MB pack-percent-free 50 pack-remote-archives False remote-update normal simulated-backup False Before doing production backups, please read all of the documentation on the HashBackup web site. For an automated production backup of a whole system: - su to root - as root, create a new backup directory with hb init, probably at the root level (this example uses /hbdata) - set the dedup-mem config option - edit inex.conf and add files and directories you don't want to save - the backup command would be: # hb backup -c /hbdata / - to automate nightly backups, use this root crontab entry (all on 1 line): 00 02 * * * root /usr/local/bin/hb log backup -c /hbdata /; /usr/local/bin/hb log retain -c /hbdata -s30d12m; /usr/local/bin/hb log selftest -c /hbdata -v4 --inc 1d/30d - this will: * run a backup at 2am every day * retain the last 30 days of backups + one every month for the last 12 months * do a selftest to check the backup * download (if necessary) and verify all backup data over 30 days * WARNING: this selftest -v4 can expensive for large backups because of download fees! Adjust accordingly. * the dest verify command does faster & cheaper remote verification, but is less thorough * log all output to /hbdata/logs with timestamps for every line SENDING BACKUP DATA OFFSITE One of HashBackup's strengths is sending backups offsite to protect against disaster. Since disk space is cheap these days, it is recommended that you keep a local backup on site as well as having a remote offsite backup. Keeping a local copy makes HashBackup operations more efficient, especially if you lose a disk and have to restore a lot of data. If you don't want to keep a complete local copy, use the cache-size-limit config option. To setup remote backups, a dest.conf text file is created in the backup directory. The doc/dest.conf.examples directory has templates for many different storage systems such as Amazon S3, Google Storage, Backblaze B2, and others. Be sure to read doc/dest.conf.examples/README first, then the example for your specific destination type. For this quick start, we will continue to use the testbackup backup directory and newfile data file we created earlier. Here we go: What's in the backup directory now? [jim@mb hb-1538]$ ls testbackup HBID arc.5.0 cacerts.crt dest.db hash.db hb#1538 hb.db hb.lock inex.conf key.conf That file arc.5.0 is the backup data file created by the backup command. Arc files contain compressed, encrypted user data. Let's setup an Amazon S3 destination first. To do this, go to http://aws.amazon.com and create a free trial account. At some point you will get an access key/id and a secret key. These are your S3 access credentials. Only the secret key needs to be protected; the access id is like a user id. Now we use those to create a HashBackup destination. Your S3 "bucket" name must be unique worldwide. It's a good idea to use the dir option to separate your different backups within 1 bucket. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cat - >testbackup/dest.conf destname s3 type s3 accesskey xxxaccesskeyxxx secretkey xxxsecretkeyxxx bucket somerandomuniquename dir mb ^d (use control d to exit) Backup the doc directory again (we deleted it earlier with the rm command). Notice the lines about copying to S3. HashBackup creates a new arc file for this backup and copies all backup data to S3, including arc.5.0 from an earlier backup. Now there is a local copy of the backup (in testbackup) and a remote copy on S3. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup doc HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Using destinations in dest.conf This is backup version: 6 Dedup enabled, 0% of current, 0% of max /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/CREDIT /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.out /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.sh /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/backup-bouncer.txt /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dedup.info /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/README /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.b2 /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.cloudfiles /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.dav /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.dir /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.ftp /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.glac /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.google /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.imap /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.openstack /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.rclone /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.rsync /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.s3 /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.shell /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/dest.conf.ssh /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/exdirshell.py /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/dest.conf.examples/rclone.py /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/inex.conf.example /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/mount.info /Users/jim/hb-1538/doc/security Copied arc.5.0 to s3 (80 B 0s 481 B/s) Copied arc.6.0 to s3 (58 KB 1s 31 KB/s) Copied hb.db.0 to s3 (8.4 KB 0s 34 KB/s) Copied dest.db to s3 (4.1 KB 0s 41 KB/s) Time: 1.3s Checked: 31 paths, 166774 bytes, 166 KB Saved: 31 paths, 166774 bytes, 166 KB Excluded: 0 Dupbytes: 0 Compression: 59%, 2.5:1 Space: 66 KB, 66 KB total No errors Make a copy of our key.conf file and a copy of dest.conf, put them in the install directory. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cp testbackup/key.conf testbackup/dest.conf . [jim@mb hb-1538]$ ls CHANGELOG README dest.conf doc hb key.conf newfile testbackup Now remove the local copy of the backup data, like we lost the whole disk containing the backup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ rm -rf testbackup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ ls CHANGELOG README dest.conf doc hb key.conf newfile Yikes, it's gone - no backup! Wait, we have a remote copy on S3. Here's how to get it back: [jim@mb hb-1538]$ mkdir testbackup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cp key.conf dest.conf testbackup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb recover -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Using destinations in dest.conf Recovering backup files from destination: s3 Files will be copied to: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Proceed with recovery? yes Removed /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/dest.db Getting dest.db from s3 Getting hb.db from s3 Queueing /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.0 Waiting /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.0 Loading /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.0 Verified signature Verified hb.db signature Download size: 58432 Files: 2 Queueing arc.6.0 58 KB from s3 @ 10:54:36 Queueing arc.5.0 80 B from s3 @ 10:54:36 Backup files recovered to: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Verify your backup is intact with the selftest command: hb selftest -c testbackup Did we get our backup data back? Yep [jim@mb hb-1538]$ ls testbackup arc.5.0 arc.6.0 cacerts.crt dest.conf dest.db hb.db hb.db.0 hb.lock hb.sig key.conf It says to run selftest... [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb selftest -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 6 Using destinations in dest.conf Level -v2 check; higher -v levels check more backup data Checking all versions Checking database readable Checked database readable Checking database integrity Checked database integrity Checking paths I Checked paths I Checking keys Checked keys Checking arcs I Checked arcs I Checking blocks I Checked 26 blocks I Checking refs I Checked 26 refs I Checking arcs II Checked arcs II Checking dedup table Checked dedup table Checking files Checked 36 files Checking paths II Checked paths II Checking blocks II Checked blocks II No errors An S3 offsite backup came to the rescue. Here's how to add a Google offsite backup: 1. Go to the Google Storage web page, https://cloud.google.com/storage 2. Create an account 3. Go to your Google Console 4. Go to the Google API section 5. Look around until you find Simple API key or Developer Keys (Google keeps changing the site) 6. You need 2 things: an access key and a secret key. HB does not use OAuth; it uses the S3-compatible interface. 7. add the Google destination to your dest.conf [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cat - >>testbackup/dest.conf destname google type gs accesskey mygoogleaccesskey secretkey mygooglesecretkey bucket uniquegooglebucket dir mb ^d Now do another doc backup. It shouldn't save anything, but other things happen: [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup doc HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Using destinations in dest.conf Copied HB program to /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb#1538 Setting include/exclude defaults: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/inex.conf This is backup version: 7 Sizing backup for dedup Updating dedup information Copied arc.5.0 to google (80 B 2s 37 B/s) Copied arc.6.0 to google (58 KB 2s 26 KB/s) Copied hb.db.0 to google (8.4 KB 0s 21 KB/s) Writing hb.db.1 Copied hb.db.1 to google (8.6 KB 0s 16 KB/s) Copied hb.db.1 to s3 (8.6 KB 0s 11 KB/s) Copied dest.db to s3 (4.1 KB 0s 16 KB/s) Copied dest.db to google (4.1 KB 0s 16 KB/s) Removed hb.db.0 from s3 Removed hb.db.0 from google Time: 2.7s Checked: 31 paths, 166774 bytes, 166 KB Saved: 4 paths, 0 bytes, 0 Excluded: 0 No errors HashBackup copied all old backup data to the new Google destination, including arc.5.0 and arc.6.0. This is an automatic sync that occurs at the beginning of every backup. A similar thing happens if a destination is down during a backup: it will be "caught up" in the next backup. Save a new file, see how that goes: [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb backup -c testbackup CHANGELOG HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Using destinations in dest.conf This is backup version: 8 Dedup enabled, 0% of current, 0% of max /Users/jim/hb-1538/CHANGELOG Copied arc.8.0 to s3 (105 KB 2s 45 KB/s) Copied arc.8.0 to google (105 KB 2s 43 KB/s) Writing hb.db.2 Copied hb.db.2 to google (8.4 KB 0s 21 KB/s) Copied hb.db.2 to s3 (8.4 KB 0s 11 KB/s) Copied dest.db to s3 (4.1 KB 0s 42 KB/s) Copied dest.db to google (4.1 KB 0s 13 KB/s) Time: 1.2s Checked: 5 paths, 291725 bytes, 291 KB Saved: 5 paths, 291725 bytes, 291 KB Excluded: 0 Dupbytes: 0 Compression: 60%, 2.6:1 Space: 114 KB, 181 KB total No errors This time a new arc file was created, arc.8.0, containing the backup data for the CHANGELOG file. The new data was sent to both destinations. No old data was sent since both destinations already had everything. HashBackup keeps destinations synchronized when removing data too. Here we remove the original test file: [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb rm -c testbackup `pwd`/newfile HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 8 Using destinations in dest.conf Dedup enabled, 0% of current Removing all versions of requested files Removing path /Users/jim/hb-1538/newfile Writing hb.db.3 Removed: 80 B Space: 7.7 KB, 189 KB total Copied hb.db.3 to google (7.8 KB 0s 11 KB/s) Copied hb.db.3 to s3 (7.8 KB 0s 10 KB/s) Copied dest.db to google (6.1 KB 0s 10 KB/s) Copied dest.db to s3 (6.1 KB 0s 10 KB/s) Removed arc.5.0 from s3 Removed arc.5.0 from google It's easy to migrate to a new storage account: just add it to the dest.conf file, do a backup, and HashBackup will copy all backup data to the new destination. We're going to move everything to Backblaze B2, then delete everything from S3 and Google. First add the B2 destination: [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cat ->>testbackup/dest.conf destname bb type b2 bucket b2globaluniquebucketname dir quickstart accountid 012345789 appkey 0123456789ABCDEF ^d We'll use the dest command to sync everything, though any backup will do the same thing. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb dest -c testbackup sync HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Using destinations in dest.conf Writing hb.db.4 Copied hb.db.4 to s3 (2.6 KB 0s 8.3 KB/s) Copied hb.db.4 to google (2.6 KB 0s 5.9 KB/s) Copied arc.8.0 to bb (105 KB 4s 25 KB/s) Copied hb.db.1 to bb (8.6 KB 1s 4.5 KB/s) Copied hb.db.2 to bb (8.4 KB 1s 5.6 KB/s) Copied hb.db.3 to bb (7.8 KB 1s 6.6 KB/s) Waiting for destinations: bb Copied arc.6.0 to bb (58 KB 10s 5.6 KB/s) Copied hb.db.4 to bb (2.6 KB 1s 1.6 KB/s) Copied dest.db to s3 (7.1 KB 1s 6.7 KB/s) Copied dest.db to google (7.1 KB 1s 6.0 KB/s) Copied dest.db to bb (7.1 KB 3s 1.8 KB/s) Remove the backup from S3 and Google: [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb dest -c testbackup clear s3 google HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Using destinations in dest.conf WARNING: this will delete all files from destinations: s3 google Proceed? yes Removed arc.6.0 from s3 Removed arc.8.0 from s3 Removed hb.db.1 from s3 Removed hb.db.3 from s3 Removed hb.db.2 from s3 Removed hb.db.4 from s3 Removed dest.db from s3 Removed DESTID from s3 Removed arc.8.0 from google Removed hb.db.1 from google Removed hb.db.2 from google Removed arc.6.0 from google Removed hb.db.3 from google Removed hb.db.4 from google Removed dest.db from google Removed DESTID from google Copied dest.db to bb (7.1 KB 3s 2.1 KB/s) You now need to edit the dest.conf file to: - add the off keyword to S3 and Google destinations - or remove them completely from dest.conf If you don't, the next backup will sync everything back to both of them. After disabling the S3 and Google destinations, make sure we can still recover our backup directory from B2. Don't forget to first make a copy of the new dest.conf with S3 and Google disabled and B2 added. [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cp testbackup/dest.conf . [jim@mb hb-1538]$ rm -rf testbackup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ mkdir testbackup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ cp dest.conf key.conf testbackup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb recover -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Using destinations in dest.conf Warning: destination is disabled: s3 Warning: destination is disabled: google Recovering backup files from destination: bb Files will be copied to: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Proceed with recovery? yes Removed /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/dest.db Getting dest.db from bb Getting hb.db from bb Queueing /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.1 Queueing /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.2 Queueing /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.3 Queueing /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.4 Waiting /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.1 Loading /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.1 Verified signature Loading /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.2 Verified signature Waiting /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.3 Loading /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.3 Verified signature Loading /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup/hb.db.4 Verified signature Verified hb.db signature Download size: 164224 Files: 2 Queueing arc.8.0 105 KB from bb @ 15:07:29 Queueing arc.6.0 58 KB from bb @ 15:07:29 Backup files recovered to: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Verify your backup is intact with the selftest command: hb selftest -c testbackup [jim@mb hb-1538]$ hb selftest -c testbackup HashBackup build #1538 Copyright 2009-2016 HashBackup, LLC Backup directory: /Users/jim/hb-1538/testbackup Most recent backup version: 8 Using destinations in dest.conf Warning: destination is disabled: s3 Warning: destination is disabled: google Level -v2 check; higher -v levels check more backup data Checking all versions Checking database readable Checked database readable Checking database integrity Checked database integrity Checking paths I Checked paths I Checking keys Checked keys Checking arcs I Checked arcs I Checking blocks I Checked 32 blocks I Checking refs I Checked 32 refs I Checking arcs II Checked arcs II Checking dedup table Checked dedup table Checking files Checked 40 files Checking paths II Checked paths II Checking blocks II Checked blocks II No errors Looks good - we've migrated all our backup data to a new storage provider using a few HashBackup commands. |
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